Water in the house is a common occurrence for a city apartment, but what about outside the city where there is no central water supply? You can supply water to your dacha or cottage from the nearest well.
To organize a water supply system for a private house or cottage from a well with your own hands, no special permits are required, it is durable, and is relatively inexpensive. And most importantly, everything can be easily done with your own hands.
The well provides clean and good water, especially in cases of deep wells and locations outside industrial and agricultural areas. No one needs to pay for this water. There are other advantages:
- System autonomy.
- Easy to install. The well itself can also be dug yourself or with the help of a small team of workers.
- Easy access to all equipment elements thanks to the large diameter of the rings.
Nuances
- If the well is dug incorrectly, groundwater and wastewater can penetrate into its pool.
- Large volume of soil to be excavated.
- Water levels may vary depending on the season, which negatively affects the pumping unit.
- The intake occurs from the upper horizon, and the quality of the water is questionable.
Water supply diagram at the dacha
The drawing must include all used system elements and their location.
The type may vary depending on the type of equipment used and the presence of certain components (for example, not all systems include a hydraulic accumulator due to its high price). The approximate components of the scheme are:
- Water intake.
- to the utility room or home.
- Check valve.
- , pressure gauge, ball valve.
- A hydraulic accumulator, where a certain supply of water is stored in case of a power outage, and a system for turning the pump on and off.
- or a boiler for heating water.
- Internal piping and connected plumbing fixtures.
This scheme of country water supply from a well will help you calculate everything correctly.
The diagram is drawn to scale taking into account exact dimensions. This significantly speeds up the calculations of the materials used.
Equipment
Before making water supply at your dacha from a well, you should stock up on everything you need. You will need pipes - copper, metal-plastic, or .
Copper ones are the most expensive, but also the best, because... do not corrode, withstand high pressure and temperature changes, and are not afraid of aggressive impurities. Steel pipes also last a long time, but over time they develop rust, and during installation it is necessary to connect the elements by welding or threading.
To lay such pipes you will need:
- adjustable wrenches, wrenches and gas wrenches,
- adapters, plugs, couplings and leads,
- winding (linen).
For domestic water supply aluminum pipes coated with plastic inside and outside are more often used for protection against corrosion, condensation and mineral deposits. To install them, you additionally need to stock up on fittings and FUM tape.
Polypropylene pipes are laid using a soldering iron and special nozzles. Additionally needed:
- pump or station,
- distribution boards, wiring and automation for emergency shutdowns,
- coarse and fine filters,
- taps, mixers,
- water heating devices,
- fittings for controlling and maintaining stable pressure.
Well system design
Most of the work on arranging a water supply system for a country house from a well does not require the involvement of specialized teams and can be done independently. Necessary:
- Dig a trench for the pipeline from the well to the utility room and to the house. Depth – about 1 m (not less than freezing depth).
- Lay the pipes and pump cable in the trench. Standard cable length is 40 m. It is not recommended to increase it without special knowledge.
- Make a hole in the base of the well and lower the flexible hose to the depth of water intake, pre-connected to an electric pump or pumping station.
- Install a panel with automation and a socket for connecting the cable.
- Connect all pipes hermetically and lead them into the house. To do this, the foundation is dug and a hole is made in the floor.
- Install a surface pump in the utility room or lower it into a submersible well.
- Connect the relay and pump cable to the system. Tips for installing the relay are indicated by the manufacturer on the cover.
In case of repair or maintenance work, a water outlet and tap are installed at the lowest point of the system brought into the house.
Piping around the house
For a small family, you can lay a pipeline with tees opposite the points of consumption. Connecting pipes in series is easier and cheaper, but if you want to use several plumbing fixtures at the same time, the pressure will be minimal.
The distribution maintains the optimal pressure level regardless of the number of operating water intake points.
Pipes are laid so that there is it is easier to drain water during unheated periods.
It is necessary to connect pipes especially well - pressure drops sometimes lead to failures at the joints.
Hot water supply
If you have mains gas, you can provide the house with hot water using a gas heater and an indirect heating boiler. If there is no gas, an electric boiler of the required volume is installed. The hot water pipe is supplied to the manifold and is equipped with a ball valve and a drain valve.
How to assemble a pumping station?
A very profitable option for a country house or cottage is a station that includes centrifugal self-priming ejector pump. If, as a result of a large pumping out of water, the equipment starts to run dry, it will not be damaged by the air. To release it, just open a special valve.
To install the station you need fittings made of brass or bronze and adapters with a diameter of 32 mm at the end of the pipe leading from the well. Next, connect the tee and drain valve, in case you need to quickly drain the water from the system. A check valve is installed. If it is necessary to turn the pipes, use a 90° angle.
Work algorithm
- Connect the ball valve.
- Connect a coarse filter with a metal mesh.
- Connect the pressure switch and damper tank. For submersible pumps, the relay is installed on the top of the pipe, the accumulator and tank are connected from below.
- Install the dry running sensor.
- Equip the system with a fine filter and a 25 mm adapter.
- Test the station. If there is no pumping, you need to double-check the connections and condition of the hydraulic accumulator.
Where to put the well?
To ensure good water pressure in the water supply system of a country house from a well, it must be located a few meters from the house.
The exact location is determined by several factors:
- Places and depths of water occurrence. Determined as a result of geodetic analysis or with a frame (vine).
- Distance at 50 m from cesspools, toilets, septic tanks and other pollution.
- Power of the selected pump.
- It also matters maximum operating pressure of the purchased electric pump. 1 atm = 10 m vertically. The length of the pipes to the hydraulic tank is also taken into account: 4 m horizontally equals 1 m vertically.
It turns out that To organize water supply from a well 10 m deep and located 20 m from the house, a pump is needed, providing a pressure of at least 1.5 atm., but it is desirable that some reserve remain during calculations, so you need to install the well so that the equipment supplies water to the house uninterruptedly.
Before starting equipment installation, it is better take water samples and do analysis at the sanitary station.
To ensure that the system can be used in winter, provide thermal insulation of the pipes and the upper ring of the pool. In areas where the ground freezes 2 m or more, a heating cable can be laid next to the pipeline.
Optimal pumps
Electric pumps can be submersible or deep, which pump water to a height of 10 to 150 m, as well as surface ones.
The power of the latter is sufficient to a depth of up to 9 m. Submersible models are lowered at least 1 m from the bottom so that silt, sand, etc. are not pumped in.
Surface electric pumps are vibration and centrifugal. Both options are designed to lift liquid to a height of no more than 10 m, but centrifugal ones are considered more reliable.
It is better to use self-priming pumps when there is no need for additional pressure. If you need more pressure, you should choose normal suction models. For equipment in the well, it is important to have protection against dry running and an overheating sensor.
Upon completion of all work, check the entire length of the system. If there are no leaks, then the calculations are correct, all equipment is installed correctly and will work stably in your country house or dacha for the next few decades. The main thing is to follow the operating rules and repair individual elements from time to time.
Loading...