Technology for constructing a well from concrete rings

Households that do not have a water supply are currently practically unsuitable for recreation, for living or for running a household plot, so installing a well or borehole on your property with your own hands is an opportunity to get an alternative source of water in the house, garden or garden.

Characteristics of well types

Today, there are three main types of wells for water extraction, including key, as well as shaft and pipe options. The key well is the most simply constructed and most common well. The shaft and tubular variants are somewhat less common, but in order to build such water supply sources correctly, you must know all the basic design features of the well.

Shakhtny

This type of water intake structure is optimal for DIY construction, and involves the process of digging a hole and strengthening its walls. Depending on the type of material used for the arrangement, such structures can be wooden, stone or brick, plastic and reinforced concrete. The most common are reinforced concrete structures, up to 15-20 m deep. Depending on the size of the concrete rings, lifting equipment may also be in demand.

Tubular

Such a building is often called an Abyssinian, or Norton, well and is a type of artesian well. Making such a water source is not too difficult. It consists of a feed pipe with a diameter of 2.5-4.5 cm with a sieve tip. The pipe inserted into the aquifer during the drilling process is supplemented with pumping equipment.

If we build this type of well, then it is necessary to carry out drilling work, since manual drilling of a well is almost impossible. The advantage is the absence of stagnation and water pollution. Before using water for food purposes, we must analyze it for suitability for household and drinking needs.

Well type	Advantages	Flaws
Tubular water source	The water almost always remains clean, the structure can be placed in close proximity to the household, production can be carried out from a previously planned horizon, and the water flow is very high	It is impossible to extract high groundwater, the wrong choice of equipment causes shallowing, and the lack of constant use causes siltation
Mine water supply source	The structure is durable, affordable, with the ability to easily clean and use almost any model of deep-well pumps, and there is no need to obtain permits	High labor costs, risk of water leakage, need for annual cleaning and disinfection, tendency to siltation, mandatory use of a filtration system and high-quality sealing

Choosing a place to dig a well with your own hands

Despite the fact that the most objective and convenient option is trial or test drilling for water, many homeowners still use folk signs and methods to find the optimal location for a water supply source:

in places where groundwater is high, garden plantings such as apple and cherry trees grow very poorly;
The vegetation that grows best over the aquifers is represented by oak, alder, willow, willow, nettle and fern;
a sign of the close location of an aquifer is the crown of alder, maple, weeping willow and birch bending towards the ground;
in areas with fairly high standing waters, solitary oak trees often grow;
Quite often, dogs avoid lying on the soil under which massive water veins pass, while cats, on the contrary, react positively to such areas;

By analogy with dogs and cats, chickens and geese also react very differently to soil moisture indicators, choosing a place to lay eggs;
a huge number of small midges and mosquitoes after the sun sets in the evening hours, circles over a place with high humidity levels;
The high location of the aquifer can also be signaled by thick fog spreading after sunset.

Most of the data are not confirmed by any scientific data, but, nevertheless, the combination of several signs very often really indicates the possibility of independently drilling or digging for water.

How to dig a well from concrete rings (video)

Stages of constructing a well from concrete rings

A well shaft can be made from many materials, and if in ancient times wood or stone were most often used for this purpose, now structures made of concrete rings are most popular and in demand. which is due not only to ease of installation, but to the optimal price-quality ratio.

Digging and installing rings

There are several ways to dig a well shaft for water supply with your own hands:

when digging in an open way The mine is continuously excavated until a layer of groundwater appears. In this case, the standard diameter of the pit should be approximately 20-30 cm larger than the ring size, and the rings can be lowered and stacked on top of each other in the shaft using a winch installed outside. All gaps between the shaft walls and the rings must be filled with coarse sand or crushed stone. Special sealing compounds are used to seal seams;
in the presence of collapsed or shifting soils, it is recommended to dig a well shaft in a closed way. Initially, you need to remove one and a half meters of the top layer of soil and lower the first well ring into the resulting recess. Further work to remove soil should be carried out inside, and as it deepens, the following structural elements must be installed one by one.

Creating a bottom filter

Today, it is practiced to install two variants of bottom filters, which are characterized by fairly high efficiency and can be done independently:

direct type bottom filter used when the inflow force is insignificant and there is a loose, soft or clay bottom. The general thickness of such a filter exceeds half a meter. This method of filtering on quicksand is especially relevant, since the filter very effectively prevents erosion. The arrangement consists of cleaning the bottom from dirt and silt, filling in large stones and crushed stone, after which a middle layer in the form of medium-fraction crushed stone is poured. The final top layer can be small pebbles or quartz sand;
use of a return bottom filter in demand in well structures with a sandy bottom and protects the water from turbidity. The layers of such a filtration system are represented by river pebbles, gravel, shungite, as well as large stones and crushed stone.

It should be noted that the standard thickness of each layer, regardless of the type of filter system, should be approximately a quarter of a meter.

Internal and external waterproofing

After constructing an alternative source of water supply on a personal plot, it is very important to think about its waterproofing in advance, which will extend its service life. The technology and rules for self-waterproofing are as follows:

dry the structure by pumping out the water;
inspect for cracks or chips;
carry out waterproofing measures using non-toxic material.

The main materials for waterproofing can be considered the use of liquid glass, hot bitumen and special sealant.

How to load concrete rings into a well (video)

Features of arranging a well outside

H Most often, the outside of such structures is lined with artificial stone, plastered or covered with timber.

Mandatory conditions for creating a high-quality structure include the installation of a roof with large overhangs, as well as the installation of a gate with a wound chain and a bucket. In addition, it is necessary to mount the handle necessary to lift the bucket of water to the surface.

Making a well for a well with your own hands

When constructing a water-bearing well, it is very important not only to properly equip the water supply source with a pumping system, but also to properly perform the piping or borehole. Among other things, in recent years, drilling a well in the bottom of an underground reservoir has been actively practiced, which saves money.

As a rule, such work is not performed independently, since in this case certain skills and special tools will be required. Unprofessionally performed work threatens the failure of expensive equipment, and in some cases even causes the destruction of the well itself.

How to protect a well from contamination

the blind area of the well will prevent contamination by rain and mud runoff, therefore, at a distance of a couple of meters, the surface is leveled with a standard slope, and the embankment is covered with soft clay or other construction and finishing materials;
In shallow wells, the arrangement of a clay castle is a production necessity, allowing the water to be isolated from the perched water into the source.

Rings for drinking wells (video)

It is important to note that well houses are not just a decorative element, but also a way to protect water from precipitation, dust, insects and plant debris.

It is best to independently build wells from concrete rings at the end of summer, since it is at this time that the lowest groundwater level can be observed. It is imperative to remember that the entire hole can be dug at once, or digging can be done sequentially, which is determined by the geological characteristics of the area and the structural characteristics of the soil.